Oil filter by-pass



Ban-1. 12, 1.932. C. W. McKlNLEY OIL FILTER BY-PASS Filed April 2. 1927 v Patented Jan. 12, 1932 srATss PATENT oFFicE W. MCKINLEY, 0F FLINT, MICHIGAN, lASSIGNOR T0 A C SPARK PLUG- COM- Pm, 0F FLINT, MICHIGAN, A. COMPANY OF MICHIGAN OIL FILTER :BY-:PASS

Application led .April 2, 1927. Serial No. 180,542.

This invention relates to oil filters for internal combustion engines used on automotive vehicles.

rlhe object of the invention is to construct S a novel oil filter by-pass which will function so as to allow the oil to flow back to the working parts when the filter becomes clogged, or for some other reason will not allow the oil to flow thereto. The by-pass has a valve mechanism which is automatically acting and which will be brought into operation only when the filter refuses to function. v

The automatically acting valve of the present invention is elongated and rectangular and has a ball end to conform to rounded seat in the by-pass. This valve is spring pressed against its seat and when the iilter refuses to work the circulating oil will press against the valve and force it ofi its seat so as to allow the oil to circulate back to the working parts of the engine without passing thru the lter.

rlhe by-pass arrangement of the present vinvention is provided with a test valve in order to ascertain whether the iilter is clogged. This test valve operates on the spring pressed valve to hold it against its seat while an auX- iliary conduit thru the center of the test valve is used to ascertain whether the oil is' iowing thru the filter.

The invention is disclosed in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a view of a portion of an oil iilter necessary to illustrate my invention, with parts shown in section.

Figure 2 is a section on line 2 2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the spring pressed valve of my invention.

Figure 4 is an enlarged detailed sectional view of line 4--4 of Figure 2.

Referring to the numbered parts on the drawings is the filter and 11 the cover thereof, while 12 indicates the by-pass or bracket of the invention as a whole. The filter is provided with the usual inlet and outlet pipes 13 and 14 respectively which lead into the inlet and outlet openings 15 and 16 in the by-pass 12.

The cover l1 is provided with headed studs 17 which project upwardly into the openings 1'5 and 16 and to these studs there are secured plugs 18 having flange heads 19 for closing the upper portion of the openings 15 and 16. Washers 20 are provided between Aheads 18 and the by-pass 12 to insure a liquid tight contact. The studs 17 and plugs 18 are provided with concentric bores or passages 20 and the plug 18 is further provided with radial openings 21 leading from the passage 2O to an annular groove 22 in a plug 18 To allow for direct intercommunication between the inlet and outlet ports 15 and 16 respectively l provide a passageway 23 com,- prising the conduit 24 leading from the inlet plug 18 and a conduit 25 leading from the conduit 24 tothe outlet plug 18. Within the conduit 24 there is placed the by-pass valve 26 which is elongated and rectangular in form and has a ball end 27 which rests on a correspondingly shaped seat 28 in the by pass. While l have shown and prefer the elongated rectangular valve, it is obvious that a ball or poppet valve may be used just as well. The valve is hollow as shown at 29 and receives therein a coil spring 30 the upper end of which presses against a test valve having a head 31 on a sleeve 32 having a handle 33, threaded at 34 into a plug 35 which in turn is threaded at 36 into an opening 37" of the by-pass 12. The sleeve 32 is hollow as indicated at 38 and has openings 39, preferably two in number, at its innermost vportion the purpose of which will be later described. In case a ball or poppet valve is used the head 31 will preferably have an extension to guide the spring 30.

From an inspection of Figure 2 is will be noted that the valve 26, spring 30 and sleeve 32 are in alignment with the conduit 24. The conduit 24 has spaces 40 between the iats of the valve 30 and its walls, the length of which is greater than the length of the valve 26 to allow for the passage of oil from the inlet port direct to the outlet port w'hen the valve 26 is lifted from its seat. These spaces 40 will allow the oil to circulate'thru the conduit 24 into the conduit 25 and back to the working parts thru the outlet pipe 14 without passing thru the iilter, provided the latter is clogged or reuses'to function. l

The operation of the device is as `follows: Presuming that the filter becomes 'clogged and refuses to allow the oil to pass therethru the pressure of the oil reaching the intake pipe 13 will raise the valve 26 ofpitsl seat, against the pressure of the spring 30, and allow the oil to circulate from the groove 22 thru the conduit 24, spaces 40, conduit 25, outlet plug 18 and back to the working parts thru the outlet pipe 14. The sleeve 32 is normally positioned so that the o enings 39 are closed y the plug 35. If it is desired to test the filter to ascertain whether it is in working orde-r the1 sleeve 32 is turned inwardly by means of ahandle 33 causing the head 31 to compress the spring 30 and to hold the valve 26 tightly cover the ports 39 and if the filter is in working order a quantity of oil will be delivered thru the openings 39 and passage 38 to the outside of the` test valve. be clogged this will at once be told by the failure of oil to be delivered to the outside of test valve thru the sleeve 32.

I claim g' 1. In a by-pass for an oil filter, delivery ports, plugs in said ports, means on said ilter to which said plugs are attached, communicating oil passages in said means and plugs, and means to permit the oil to pass from one plug to the other.

2. The structure of claim 1, said {irst named means comprising studs attached to the filter cover. Y

3. The structure of claim 1., said passages being concentrically arranged in said plugs and means.

4. The structure of claim 1, and a plurality of radial openings insaid plugs communicating with said passages.

5. The structure of claim 1, a plurality of radial openings in said plugs communicated with said plug passages, and an annular groove on said plugs communicating with said radial openings.

6. The structure oie claim 1, a plurality of radial openings in said plugs communicating with said plug passages, and an annular groove on said plugs communicating with said radial openings and with said means.

7. I-n a by-pass construction, inlet and outlet ports in said by-pass, a conduit connecting said ports, a flow control valve in said conduit, resilient means acting on said valve, and a testing device connected to said by-pass construction and adapted to control said resilient means.

8. The invention of claim 7, said testing device adapted to rigidly seat on said valve during the testing operation. K 9. In a bypass' construction, a flow control by-pass valve m said construction, and a test against its seat 28. This will un- Should the filterv assente means at said bypass and adapted to contact with said valve during the testin period.

10. In a by-pass construction Ior oil filters, a valve in said byass construction for controlling the flow o oil, a resilient means for holding the valve on its seat, and a testing device capable of depressing the resilient means and seating itself on the valve to rmly. hold it on its seat.

11. The invention of claim 10, said valve being polygonal and relatively long and havin a hollow portion, said means seated in said hollow portion.

12. In a by-pass construction, inlet and outlet passages in said construction, a valve in a construction between said passages, and a testing means adapted to rigidly position said valve on its seat to prevent the flow of fluid past said valve during the testing period. f

13. In a bypass for an oil lilter, inlet and outlet ports, means for normally causing the low of oil through the lter, means including an elongated hollow polygonal valve for permitting the oil at times to flow directly through the ports with out entering the filter, a spring seated in said hollow to hold said valve on its seat, and a testing device in said by-pass said device adapted to contact with said valve and compress said spring when testing the filter.

14. In a fitting for connecting the oil purier in an oil line,.a supply channel, a disu charge channel, ahy-pass leading from said supply to said discharge channel, a relief valve in said by-pass, a test valve in said discharge channel, and means whereby the pres sure required to operate said relief valve is increased when said test valve is opened.

15. In a fitting for connecting ail-oil puri tier in an voil line, a supply channel, a discharge channel, a by-pass leading from said supply to said discharge channel, a relief valve in said by-pass, a test valve in lsaid discharge channel, and means operable by said test valve to vary the pressure required to operate said relief valve.

16. In a fitting for connecting an oil .purifier in an oil line, a supply channel, a discharge channel, a oy-pass leading from said supply to said discharge channel, a relief valve in said by-pass, a test valve in said disn charge channel, and means operable by said test valve for applying pressure to said relief r valve.

17. In a fitting for connecting an oil puri fier in an oil line, a supply channel, a dism charge channel, a by-pass leading from said supply to said discharge channel, a relief valve in said by-pass, and a test valve in said discharge channel, said test valve and relier` valve being so cof'elated that the pressure applied to the latter is varied by the former.

18. In a litting'for connecting an oil purier in an oil line, a supply channel, a

char e channel,` a by-pass leading from said su p y to said discharge channel, a relief' va ve in said by-pass, a test valve in said discharge channel, said valve having a portion movable toward and away from said relief valve, and a resilient member intervposed between said relief valve and said movable portion.

19. In a by-pass construction, inlet and outlet ports in said by-pass, a conduit connecting said ports, a iow control valve in said conduit, resilient means acting on said valve, and a testing device connected to said ass construction and adapted to control bysaid) resilient means, said testing device being adapted to increase the tension of the resilient means when testing the filter.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

CHARLES W. MCKINLEY. 

